Saturday, November 16, 2013

The Properties And Uses Of Copper Screws

By Bonnie Contreras


Not a lot of people know this, but copper screws are the simplest form of linear actuator, a motor, in fact. Traditional electric or gasoline motors generate rotary motion, linear actuators take that circular motion and turn it into linear, or straight motion. When you turn the head of a screw clockwise or counterclockwise, it drives the shaft of the screw forward along its linear axis.

The shaft, or pointy end of a screw, has a helical thread, while the head is either flat or slightly rounded. In some cases, the external threads of a screw are made to fit into an internally threaded nut. The basic function of a screw once it has performed its motoring function is to hold things together.

One use for a copper linear actuator is as a contact screw in a tattoo machine. This is another little-known fact. They are easily made in a home workshop because the metal is quite soft. The only tools you need are a die with the desired internal thread, a set of pliers, fine sandpaper (available from hobby shops) and a small amount of gun bluing solution. When used on iron or steel, the bluing agent confers a small element of protection against corrosion or rust. In this case, it just makes the tattoo screw look pretty.

The atomic number of copper metal (Cu) is 29. This metal conducts electricity and head very well. This is how come it is used in copper kitchen pots and pans and in electric wiring. Because it is so ductile and malleable, it is very easy to work with. That is why you can make your own tattoo machine screws on your own.

During the Roman era, Cu was mined in Cyprus. This is where it got its original name of cyprium, eventually shortened to cuprum, which is how it ended up with the chemical symbol Cu. It is a trace element in the human body, where it forms part of cytochrome, an important enzyme. Also, whereas humans use the red, iron-containing hemoglobin to carry oxygen to the body and return carbon dioxide out to the lungs, crustaceans and molluscs use a the cupric compound, hemocyanin, which has a blue color.

Cuprum is mainly found in human muscle, liver and bone. Cupric compounds are bacteriocidal, i. E., they kill germs. This is why it is used in wood preservatives and in fungicides. It is also sometimes used as a liner for laboratory incubators used for tissue and cell culture.

A copper screw is used in a tattoo machine. They are pretty little machines that are very good for screwing into wood, particularly if it is likely to be exposed to the elements, where iron or steel would turn to rust. Cuprum is also used to coat steel. Sometimes zinc, nickel, brass or cadmium is used instead.

So, that is what pretty copper screws to. It can kill germs and look ornamental. As soft as it is, you have to choose carefully when to use it. They would be pretty terrible at holding sheets of metal together that are used in commercial airplanes.




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